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| Registros recuperados: 161 | |
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| Kerr, William A.. |
| Since its inception the GATT, and subsequently the WTO, has been able to operate in a fashion that is more consistent with a club than an inclusive organization that encouraged the active participation of all its members. The WTO Ministerial Meeting in Doha in November 2001 appears to have been a watershed in how the organization functions, and the club model may no longer be appropriate. While it is not yet clear what will replace the previous model, it is apparent that decision making will be much more diffused and the interests of a much broader spectrum of member countries taken into account. The central question is whether or not the transformed organization can still serve the interests of those who were previously able to dominate the clubthe major... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Club; Developing countries; Doha; International trade; Multilateral organization; WTO; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23909 |
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| Kastens, Terry L.; Goodwin, Barry K.. |
| This study evaluates the attitudes of U.S. (Kansas) farmers regarding "free-trade" and "free-market" policy environments. In contrast to earlier studies, non-specific policy attitudes are evaluated. A direct measure of farm program benefits is also included. Attitudes vary significantly with farm and operator characteristics. Support for free trade was shown to decrease with education and experience, to increase for farms with relatively more rented land, and to increase as total farm wealth increased. Support for free-trade was also higher for crop farms. Farms receiving more government payments are less likely to favor a free-trade policy environment. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Producer attitudes; International trade; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1994 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15186 |
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| Gruere, Guillaume P.. |
| This paper reviews current trade-related regulations of genetically modified (GM) food and discusses their effects on developing countries. There is a large heterogeneity in current import approval and marketing policies of GM food worldwide. At the international level, the harmonization efforts are led by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and the World Trade Organization. While internationally harmonized guidelines for safety approval have been finalized, we show that there is no clear consensus on labeling regulations for GM food, and there is an increasing risk of conflicts among international agreements. We analyze the GM food regulations of two large rich importers, Japan and the European Union (EU) and discuss... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Genetically modified food; Developing countries; Biotechnology; Biosafety; Trade regulation; Labeling; International trade; Tariff; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55422 |
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| Carvalho, Rosemeiry Melo; Kolb, Pedro Carneiro. |
| Esse trabalho tem como objetivo estimar as equações de oferta e demanda de pescado comercializado entre o Brasil e os Estados Unidos no período entre 1996 e 2006. As variáveis incluídas no modelo foram: quantidade comercializada, preço, renda per capita do americano e a taxa de câmbio do período. De acordo com os resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que a demanda e a oferta de pescado são elásticas, de modo que um aumento no preço do produto provoca variações mais que proporcionais na quantidade comercializada. Em relação à renda, verifica-se que, no mercado norte-americano, o pescado brasileiro é considerado um bem inferior. Desde o ano de 2003 o valor das exportações brasileiras de pescado para os Estados Unidos tem diminuído, podendo ser atribuído, a... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Pescado; Comércio internacional; Brasil; Estados Unidos; Fish; International trade; Brazil; United States; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108156 |
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| Aranda,MA; Sgavioli,S; Domingues,CHF; Santos,ET; Nääs,IA; Moura,JB; Garcia,RG. |
| ABSTRACT Trade liberalization during the last decades has increased among nations as a result of decreased tariffs. However, during the same period, market agents have created new protection measures to replace such mechanisms in an attempt to promote the domestic economic stability of countries, while expanding and ensuring the trade between nations. Considering that Brazil is the second largest broiler producer and chicken-meat exporter worldwide, the present study proposed to analyze the main barriers imposed on Brazilian chicken meat imports by the ten major importing countries. This is a documentary research with primary and secondary data, of a descriptive-exploratory nature, under a qualitative approach. Semi-structured questionnaires including... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Poultry production; International trade; Exports; Protectionism. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000200312 |
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| Marchant, Mary A.; Song, Baohui. |
| The United States leads the world in agricultural biotechnology research, adoption, commercialization, and exports. Our biotech commodities are highly dependent on international markets. Thus, any biotech policy changes by key importing countries may affect U.S. agricultural biotech product exports. This article identifies key markets for U.S. agricultural exports including biotech commodities and discusses current and proposed biotech policies in key markets for U.S. agricultural exports focusing on Canada, Mexico, Japan, the European Union (EU), and China. Among these markets, labeling of biotech products is voluntary in Canada and Mexico but is mandatory in Japan, the EU, and, most recently, in China. For the EU, U.S. corn exports were almost... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Biotech policy; Corn; Cotton; International trade; Soybeans; U.S. agricultural exports; Q13; Q17; Q16; Q18. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43513 |
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| Stone, C.D.; Downes, D.; de Fontaubert, A.C.. |
| In 1997, IUCN-The World Conservation Union, with the financial support of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Co-operation and Development, initiated a project to examine the relationship between the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the rules of international trade–those administered by the World Trade Organisation (WTO), in particular. The project was motivated by a widely shared concern that the aims of the CBD, which are essentially to conserve and equitably distribute the benefits of the environment, might be undermined by the WTO, which aims at the liberalisation of trade. Liberalised trade has the potential to integrate economies, regionally and globally, in mutually beneficial ways. But some observers are concerned that it may do so... |
| Tipo: Conference Material |
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; International trade; Fisheries. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/657 |
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| PEREIRA, H. S.; MELO, L. C.; SOUZA, T. L. P. O. de; FARIA, L. C. de; DEL PELOSO, M. J.; AGUIAR, M. S. de; COSTA, J. G. C. da; CABRERA DIAZ, J. L.; MAGALDI, M. C. de S.; ABREU, A. de F. B.; MARTINS, M.; PEREIRA FILHO, I. A.; WENDLAND, A.; KLUTHCOUSKI, J.; ALMEIDA, V. M.; ALBRECHT, J. C.; TRINDADE, N. L. S. R.; SOUZA, N. P. de. |
| O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores mundiais de feijão-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), alimento tradicionalmente presente na dieta dos brasileiros, sendo consumido por todas as classes sociais. O País produziu, no ano de 2017, um total de 2,5 milhões de toneladas do grão. Os grupos comerciais carioca e preto têm origem mesoamericana e representam 85% da produção brasileira. Entretanto, existe demanda para a produção de outros tipos de grãos, com maior valor agregado e possibilidade de exportação, visto que o feijão carioca, representando 75% da produção nacional, não é consumido em larga escala internacionalmente. Entre os grupos comerciais de maior interesse internacional estão Cranberry, Sugar Bean, Branco, Dark Red Kidney, Light Red Kidney e Calima. O... |
| Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E) |
Palavras-chave: BRS FS305; Feijão; Melhoramento Genético Vegetal; Exportação; Phaseolus Vulgaris.; Plant breeding.; Beans; Grain quality; International trade. |
| Ano: 2019 |
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1119682 |
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| Liu, Yan; Kilmer, Richard L.; Lee, Jonq-Ying. |
| Import demand equations are estimated in order to identify the own-, cross-price, and volume elasticities that can be used to determine the best marketing strategy to increase U.S. orange juice gallons in the Canadian import market. This study uses the firm’s version of production differential, AIDS, CBS, and NBR models. An expansion of total Canadian orange juice import gallons using advertising favors the U.S. much more than it does the other three origins investigated— Brazil, Mexico, and ROW. A 1% increase in imported gallons of orange juice due to advertising will increase U.S. imports by 1.20% and Brazil’s gallons by 0.60%. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: AIDS model; CBS model; Import demand; International trade; NBR model; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62281 |
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| Almeida, Fernanda Maria de; Silva, Orlando Monteiro da. |
| Given that in Brazil there is a significant asymmetry in production and trade among states, this study had as objective to measure the border effect to the intranational and international trade, using it as an indicator of the degree of integration. Such effect measures the bias to the internal trade of a country or state, in comparison to the external trade. A gravity model, including different dummy variables was used as methodology for this study. Results showed that intra-state trade in Brazil was 32 and 96 times larger than interstate and international trade, respectively. Interstate trade, was shown to be around 34 times larger than international trade. The border effect calculated to each state trading to other states, and to the rest of the world,... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: International trade; Border effect; Gravity model; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54139 |
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| Registros recuperados: 161 | |
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